See fume in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
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],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old French fum, from Latin fūmus, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰuh₂mós.",
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{
"form": "fumes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
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"form": "fwme",
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"alternative"
]
},
{
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{
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],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "fumen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "fumerelle"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "fumous"
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{
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{
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{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 18 24 23 7",
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}
],
"glosses": [
"Visible gaseous emanations; fumes or smoke."
],
"id": "en-fume-enm-noun-839X2HQu",
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[
"fumes",
"fumes"
],
[
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"smoke"
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]
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],
"glosses": [
"Any sort of vapour or gaseous emanation."
],
"id": "en-fume-enm-noun-yxEV-1Ld",
"links": [
[
"vapour",
"vapour"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
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"langcode": "enm",
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},
{
"_dis": "29 18 24 23 7",
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{
"_dis": "30 15 26 23 5",
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},
{
"_dis": "22 14 37 17 9",
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}
],
"glosses": [
"Fumes as the supposed cause of feelings."
],
"id": "en-fume-enm-noun-YZT92phP",
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],
"raw_glosses": [
"(physiology) Fumes as the supposed cause of feelings."
],
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"medicine",
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"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
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"_dis": "9 14 24 51 2",
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}
],
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"An airborne scent or odour."
],
"id": "en-fume-enm-noun-pVHVYvPm",
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"scent",
"scent"
],
[
"odour",
"odour"
]
],
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"(rare) An airborne scent or odour."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
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}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fiu̯m/"
}
],
"word": "fume"
}
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],
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},
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}
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
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},
"expansion": "Latin fūmus",
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},
{
"args": {
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"3": "*dʰuh₂mós"
},
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}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old French fum, from Latin fūmus, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰuh₂mós.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "fumes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fwme",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "feum",
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "fewme",
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"lang_code": "enm",
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{
"word": "fumen"
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{
"word": "fumerelle"
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{
"word": "fumosite"
},
{
"word": "fumous"
},
{
"word": "fumygacioun"
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{
"word": "fumyter"
}
],
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{
"glosses": [
"Visible gaseous emanations; fumes or smoke."
],
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"fumes",
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],
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"smoke",
"smoke"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Any sort of vapour or gaseous emanation."
],
"links": [
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]
]
},
{
"categories": [
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],
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"Fumes as the supposed cause of feelings."
],
"links": [
[
"physiology",
"physiology"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(physiology) Fumes as the supposed cause of feelings."
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"physiology",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"An airborne scent or odour."
],
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[
"scent",
"scent"
],
[
"odour",
"odour"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) An airborne scent or odour."
],
"tags": [
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}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fiu̯m/"
}
],
"word": "fume"
}
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],
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"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
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],
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"Alternative form of fumen"
],
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"fumen",
"fumen#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
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]
}
],
"word": "fume"
}
Download raw JSONL data for fume meaning in Middle English (3.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-07 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (92124b4 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.